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Is the Buteyko method a reliable treatment for asthma?

I recently read about this treatment, and wondered whether experts would recommend this type of treatment for severe asthma sufferers. Is there enough research to support it? How would I find a provider that offers the treatment?
52 yr old, Female
52 yr old, Female
asked Nov 10, 2009 at 09:09AM in Asthma
8 Answers
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  • 2
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    answered Nov 10, 2009 at 10:43AM
    Though generally speaking, using good breathing techniques for anyone is a good thing. Learning how to breath correctly helps to reduce stress and develop endurance from ages 9 to 90. After review of the "Buteyko Method", I personally believe it to be more hype than substance. Yes, it does teach good breathing techniques that would benefit many people. For example, while reviewing the "Buteyko, Escape From Asthma" pamphlet, the cause of asthma is "breathing too much".

    The assertion that one can cut substantially the need for medication and or medical intervention is simple not true. The pamphlet mentioned above is over simplistic and may cause one to believe that they have no need for medical intervention. One of the things that I find most disturbing is the "proof" that this is a valid alternative treatment for asthma. Buteyko lists "news / clinical trials" on www.buteyko-usa.com/PractitionersNewsInfo/News.asp. Half of the sources were unverifiable, but mostly just anecdotal stories about how this technique might help people with chronic hyperventilation syndrome / breathing too fast.

    I cannot find a single long-term study concerning the "Buteyko Method". The following link will take you to the .pdf file from the Buteyko website where Chronic Hyperventilation Syndrome is blamed for causing a myriad of diseases and disease processes. As I stated earlier, good breathing techniques benefit everyone young, old, athletic and not so athletic. But there is not enough scientific information out there on this technique to be a cornucopia of cures for asthma or anything else. Bottom line, would I subscribe to this method of treatment for asthma? Many of the techniques used in treating asthma or COPD involve teaching correct or good breathing techniques. The problem lies with (1) the hype and (2), the apparent failure to address patient compliance. The Buteyko method may be of some beneficial help to, with the exception of being asthmatic, the otherwise healthy individual. I believe in Evidence Based medicine, show me the the long-term studies...etc, show me the evidence. For right now, it's not there. It takes more than anecdotal stories to sway me.
  • 3
    Votes
    answered Nov 10, 2009 at 01:39PM
    The NY Times article certainly stimulated alot of interest with this story! But, this is OLD story! It has been around for a long time and for some reason the NYTimes picked it up now. It probably DOES have some effect in people with SOME types of asthma, especially those that focus on their breathing to a greater degree than others. Controlling breathing can be helpful in such cases. HOWEVER, it is NOT a cure for asthma! It should NOT be substituted for an inhaler. IN fact, it actually scares me that some people with real/bad asthma will stop their meds, thinking that this "natural" method will help. I don’t see ANY evidence that that is the case and they COULD get really sick. SO, I believe it was a little irresponsible for the NY Times to write this article.
  • 1
    Votes
    answered Nov 13, 2009 at 04:24PM
    Buteyko is without question not mainstream medicine. I am VERY cautious the second I hear about some sort of non-traditional treatment.
    In the case of Buteyko I searched the literature and found that the literature sort of acknowledges the fact that the Buteyko breathing technique MIGHT reduce bronchodilator use BUT it DOES NOT appear to change bronchial responsiveness or lung function.
    I would be VERY cautious and depending on the severity of your asthma it may or may not have an effect on your disease.
    The one thing it can't do is hurt you. (but remember it may not help)
  • 0
    Votes
    answered Dec 18, 2009 at 01:46AM
    From a layman: My wife did the Buteko course nearly 20 years ago. It was a great success. If not encouraged off medicine, certainly they emphasized successes of participants' reduction in medications. (Is there a difference?) My wife has a strong self discipline and since the course controlled her asthma attacks quite succesfully using this very hard to implement method. Recently her asthma has worsened and it does seem likely that her reliance on buteko, avoiding medicines, may have caused irreversable damage to her breathing system. MDs suggest damage would have been minimized through correct long term use of inhalers - medication. Just an anecdote. A layman.
  • 2
    Votes
    answered Dec 26, 2009 at 12:58PM
    I decided to join this discussion to clarify some points. The Buteyko Method originated in Russia in 1950s. It is slowly but surely spread and grew all over the world. No hype or placebo effect can live such a long life. In 1983 the Buteyko Breathing Method was recognized by the Russian government, and in April of 1985 the Soviet Union Ministry of Health released a regulation to recommend teaching The Buteyko Breathing Method to asthma patients. In 1988 Buteyko clinic has been opened in Moscow, Russia . That clinic is staffed mostly with MDs, it is functioning today and treating hundreds of patients. In June, 2002 Labour member of UK Parliament Anne Campbell brought the topic of Buteyko for Debates in the British House of Commons . In Glasgow, Scotland, due to the initiative of RN and recovered asthmatic Jill McGowan The Buteyko Breathing Method was included into curriculum of 10 local schools. Jill also partially sponsored one of The Buteyko Method trials in UK. I quote -

    A NURSE who sold her home to fund pioneering research into a cure for asthma was last night named Great Scot 2001. The many patients she has helped thought she was the greatest of Scots.And our panel of judges agreed, selecting her from the 10 finalists gathered at the Glasgow Science Centre last night for the Great Scot Awards 2001.

    Hmm…, why would a registered nurse who worked with asthmatics all her life sell her primary residence to sponsor a clinical trial for some weird breathing exercise therapy that tells you "you are breathing too much"? Maybe because IT IS TRUE?

    In March, 2002 large Buteyko practice was opened in Ireland by Patrick McKeown , who is also the author of bestselling books on the Buteyko method (please read reviews on Amazon). Not only he taught thousands of people and has a steady stream of students for years, but In 2008 one of the major medical insurance companies in Ireland, VIVAS Health offered Buteyko workshops coverage as members benefit. It is unlikely that a medical insurance company would cover a not- so- well- known treatment without investigation and sufficient evidence.
    In 2007 Mayo Clinic listed The Buteyko Breathing Technique among the most promising alternative therapies for asthma. In 2008, The British Thoracic Society in their Guideline on the Management of Asthma upgraded Buteyko Breathing technique to category B, meaning that there are high quality clinical trials supporting the effectiveness of the method in reducing asthma symptoms and bronchodilator use. It is surely a mainstream medical institution saying that among all other alternative therapies only the Buteyko Method showed credible signs of effectiveness. In April of 2009 Coventry University in the UK offered a course TO TRAIN NURSES how to teach the Buteyko Breathing Method to patients with asthma. Isn’t that another mainstream medical institution recognizing the value of Buteyko?

    I am all for evidence based medicine too. 6 trials were conducted to date for asthma, and they all showed the effectiveness of the method. Although they were relatively short term, the consistent results they showed are clearly not “anecdotal”.

    I too, would be happy to see a large scale Buteyko clinical trial in the US. But it is hard to imagine anybody will invest into it knowing there will be no ROI whatsoever (no drug, device or process to patent and sell).

    We might argue about not enough clinical proof, validity of the theory, unchanged lung function test etc, but the results like this SIMPLY COULD NOT BE IGNORED.

    I would like also to point out that Buteyko Method should not be confused with any other breathing techniques as it is entirely different. That’s why statements like “using good breathing techniques for anyone is a good thing” OR “Learning how to breath correctly helps to reduce stress and develop endurance” are very misleading. “breathe correctly” might mean the opposite things for different breathing teachings.
    Many conventional respiratory techniques and breathing exercises are actually teaching the opposite of Buteyko. The best advice – as with everything else, get your information about the Buteyko method from people and sources who are specialists in that particular field, and those would be the most experienced and knowledgeable Buteyko Practitioners around the world. They’ve published books, helped to conduct clinical studies, collected case studies of their students and helped thousands of people to reverse or safely manage their health conditions.

    With great respect to medical profession, I totally understand your skepticism and the fact that you cannot recommend something that is not in your guidelines and does not have enough medical studies to support claims. But calling it a placebo, hype, a dangerous practice that requires to drop medications (not true!) without even trying to look deeper into the subject, and collect all the facts, IMO is not fair to the patient.
  • 1
    Votes
    answered Dec 26, 2009 at 01:16PM
    I also wanted to add that I am a walking (and also jogging and running) proof of the Buteyko Method effectiveness. 5 years ago I was an invalid who couldn’t climb a flight of stairs without going into asthma attack. I had a diagnosis of moderate to severe continuous asthma and localized bronchiectasis. Advair, Serevent, Flovent, Singulair, antibiotics, nebs in ERs, oral prednisone, respiratory therapy including flutter valve – you name it, I had it. Some days my wheezing could be heard across the room, and my never ending cough was turning me inside out. My last asthma related doctor’s visit was dated July 2007, and so was my last prescription that has never been filled, all because I’ve started practicing Buteyko. I am not using any medications since. For over two years now I have no symptoms whatsoever. My story could be easily traced and proved since I have my medical records, CT scans, tests etc scattered between 5 asthma, allergy and pulmonology specialists, and I obviously not in need of prescription anymore. In fact, my overall health has never been better.

    But not only that, for about two years now I hear, see and work with people who experience significant improvement practicing Buteyko Method for asthma and other conditions.

    The thing is – everybody is very skeptical until they see the Method working for them or their loved ones. Then it is a startling experience. I guess, that’s what made relatively cautious and conservative health correspondent like Jane Brody write those articles. She witnessed it working wonders for her friend.

    And I want to emphasize again, credible Buteyko Practices will make sure the students signed a consent form stating that in no manner they would modify their medical treatment or alter a prescription. Practitioners are not encouraging students to drop medication, but rather explaining the process of tapering off medication safely. When there is a significant reduction in symptoms, a student must consult their doctor to reduce medication. I can’t speak for every Practitioner out there, but I always emphasize that Buteyko course is an educational program, which is taken alongside conventional treatment, and we do not interfere with doctor-patient relationship. On the other hand, I am always open to a dialog with the doctors or therapists of my students, should they express interest.
    There is a wonderful community of dedicated Buteyko Practitioners in the US and abroad, and a good number of them are RNs or traditional therapists. I have only one explanation to why would RN or traditional therapist learn and teach Buteyko - because in many cases with Buteyko they see results that are superior to any conventional treatment.

    I did have a number of referrals from MDs in my practice, and the trend is - more doctors become supportive of their patients trying Buteyko. I also receive Emails from different med professionals with Buteyko information request.

    If you have any questions about any aspects of Buteyko, I’d be happy to answer or direct you to where to find answers. My website and blog covers a lot of topics. For a person here who asked where to find a therapist, I can direct you if you contact me.

    Have a wonderful and healthy 2010!
    • I understand the Buteyko Method might be great and all. The problem is the inconsistent directions given as to its use. I've spent the last week researching online about the correct way to go about this and I've even purchased Patrick McKeown's DVD. Christopher Drake, McKeown and others who describe the process all describe it differently. Is shallow breathing done in 4 sets of 4 minutes each (McKeown)? 6 sets of 3 minutes each (Somebody Else)? Or pay someone an exorbitant sum of money and they'll tell you like it's a secret ($600 for a weeklong course). Little bit frustrated here!
      James P Bracken commented Feb 10, 2010 at 04:24PM
    • Dear James,
      Books and DVDs are a good resource, but like with any therapy, the best way to learn the Method is from a trained Practitioner. There are no "big secrets", but a Practitioner's role is to devise a program specifically for YOU according to your personal health history and other factors, then guide you through so there is no frustration along the way. My course costs $299 on average and it includes 16 hours of teaching and one year support. I don't think it is exorbitant sum of money considering the value. What would you pay any other instructor - a tutor, a fitness trainer etc?
      Eugenia Malyshev CBE commented Feb 23, 2010 at 12:25PM
  • 0
    Votes
    answered Jun 29 at 06:04PM
    With all due respect to previous posts, why do you consider your opinion valid if you know nothing about the Buteyko method ? If you have never practiced yoga or played tennis you can't have an opinion about those activities that is particularly insightful or relevant. The same applies to the Buteyko method.
    I had asthma for 35 years. I learned the Buteyko method in 2005 and within 6 weeks was no longer using or requiring asthma medications. I haven'y used asthma medications since then, not once.
    Dr. Buteyko observed that many people breathe in excess of their metabolic requirement for oxygen. They hyperventilate. When they sleep they snore (which is hyperventilation) or if not snore, breathe loudly and excessively. Ask anyone with asthma if they snore. They will answer "yes" or "I don't know." All asthmatics have episodes of excessive breathing during sleep and unknowingly breathe excessively when awake.
    As the Buteyko method breathing exercises calmed down my snoring my asthma went away, along with my allergies. I also learned the importance of breathing through my nose, every breath (which I initially thought was impossible).
    Buteyko educators don't tell people to stop using their medications; it's that the medications are no longer required.
  • 0
    Votes
    answered Jun 30 at 02:18PM
    I am a Physical Therapist since 1971 [40 years] including some time in the early years working with a respirologist specifically teaching breathing classes.

    I am also a Buteyko Breathing educator since 2003, having done the certification course after learning to use Buteyko for myself. The results of that included: discontinuing all medications [more later]; returning to sports and fitness activities [in youth was national level athlete in track and in sprint kayak – now cycle, kayak and play squash – usually beating people ½ to ¾ my age]; losing some 50 – 60 pounds [20 – 25 Kg] and maintaining the loss; and a change in my eyeglasses prescription from 1.25 to .25 correction. I don’t know if, or how, the latter is connected except time-wise – it happened after I started Buteyko breathing, and visual impairment is apparently a side-effect of some asthma medications.

    I agree with Eugenia Malyshev that the comments / critique offered by James A Singer are not very balanced, insightful, nor maybe even well-informed.

    True that there do not seem to be any long term [more than a few months to a year] studies in English. The studies that do exist generally show decreased ventilation, improved quality of life scores / decreased symptoms or complaints; and a decreased need for / use of medications. Relevant health organizations – WHO, NIH, Canadian Asthma Consensus Group all suggest that asthma medication dosages should step up and step down according to need or related to changes in the condition. Personally, stepping down was never suggested to me by MD’s, and professionally, as a PT and as a BBE, I do not recall anyone being so advised.

    What we do do about medications as BBE’s is to make people aware of the possibility of change in medication level, to inform them how the reduction protocol should work according to those medical authorities above, and to advise them to consult with their MD / prescribing practitioner about any perceived change in need for medications.

    Agreed, what the studies don’t generally show is any objective change in lung function testing. It may be that none of the studies go on long enough to discover any potential remodeling. It may be, as reported in the commentary on one study, that sequencing and timing of lung function tests reduced or eliminated the possibility of finding changes [e.g. etCO2 after FEV1 – a forced hyperventilation activity which would decrease CO2 levels]

    Consider Peter Litchfield’s viewpoint and comments that breathing is a behaviour that done ‘properly’ maintains acid / base balance in the body; that done improperly disrupts such balance; that behaviour by definition can be learned / modified, consciously or not, and that the role of CO2 in the body is ‘well researched, thoroughly documented, and little known’.

    Consider the 2002 NEJM review article tracking the potential multiple systems dysfunction resulting from CO2 imbalance and hyperventilation.

    And, consider Gardner’s 1996 article – ‘The Pathophysiology of Hyperventilation Disorders’ in Chest. None of these mention Buteyko by name, probably never heard of the man or the system he developed, yet provide a substantial physiological basis and support for Buteyko’s work.

    MD’s and DDS’s who sat in on my public courses in Canada said ‘this is physiology 101 – we learned it and then forgot about it’.

    I don’t believe that I have ever used the word ‘treatment’ to describe my Buteyko teaching or the word ‘patient’ for those being taught. Management yes, and learning certainly, and I do like Litchfield’s idea about changing behaviour.

    I am not fond of ‘hype’ and don’t believe I’ve gone there with any of my education or marketing.

    Singer’s comment about Buteyko ‘failing to address patient compliance’ seems odd and irrelevant to me. Compliance with any treatment course is one of the greatest problems in medicine – just look at the effect on the mutation of antibiotic resistant organisms due to patients not completing a course of antibiotics. In education too, people don’t necessarily learn what they’re taught, nor follow through even if they seem to have learned. I’m not sure how the Buteyko system can be faulted for what seems a near universal characteristic of humans.
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